" A case study on the calibration of the k–ω SST (shear stress transport) turbulence model for small scale wind turbines designed with cambered and symmetrical airfoils,"Įnergy, Elsevier, vol. " On the importance of assessing the operational context impact on maintenance management for life cycle cost of wind energy projects," " The European renewable energy target for 2030 – An impact assessment of the electricity sector,"Įnergy Policy, Elsevier, vol. Knopf, Brigitte & Nahmmacher, Paul & Schmid, Eva, 2015." Modelling the structural loading of a small wind turbine at a highly turbulent site via modifications to the Kaimal turbulence spectra," Bashirzadeh Tabrizi, Amir & Whale, Jonathan & Lyons, Thomas & Urmee, Tania & Peinke, Joachim, 2017.These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one. " High-resolution direct numerical simulations of flow structure and aerodynamic performance of wind turbine airfoil at wide range of Reynolds numbers," " A novel optimal energy management strategy for offshore wind/marine current/battery/ultracapacitor hybrid renewable energy system," " Investigation of pre-stall flow control on wind turbine blade airfoil using roughness element,"Įnergy, Elsevier, vol. Serdar GENÇ, Mustafa & KOCA, Kemal & AÇIKEL, Halil Hakan, 2019." Control of laminar separation bubble over wind turbine airfoil using partial flexibility on suction surface,"Įnergy, Elsevier, vol. Açıkel, Halil Hakan & Serdar Genç, Mustafa, 2018." Optimal shape and position of a thick deflector plate in front of a hydraulic Savonius turbine," Kerikous, Emeel & Thévenin, Dominique, 2019.The bubbles can cause vibration and noise at the wind turbine blade, hence they should be better known and eliminated, which aerodynamic performance and energy efficiency of turbine can be increased. At lower angles of attack, short bubble occurred, and frequency of vortex shedding due to short bubble were high whereas shedding frequency of long bubble at moderate angles of attack were low. Besides, mean and rms velocities showed that flow characteristics near wake were influenced by LSB and trailing-edge separation. Experiments indicated that location and formation of LSB were affected by variety of both Reynolds number and angle of attack. Hot-film experiment was performed to obtain more information with regards to progress and formation of LSB. Also, velocity measurements at near wake region were done to highlight coactions among LSB and trailing edge vortices. Furthermore, smoke-wire experiment was performed to clearly visualize flow patterns such as flow separation or laminar separation bubble (LSB) over the airfoil. Force measurement of NACA 4412 airfoil was conducted at various angles of attack and Reynolds numbers. Objective of this study is to elucidate relationship with aerodynamic properties and vortex shedding from suction surface and wake of wind turbine blade at low Reynolds numbers.